Meisam Dehghan-Eshratabad; Amir Albadvi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 1-27
Abstract
Startup valuation in venture capital investment has always been an important issue in negotiations between entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. Results of conducted researches on startup valuation have revealed difficulties and complexities in determining entrepreneurial projects value, especially ...
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Startup valuation in venture capital investment has always been an important issue in negotiations between entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. Results of conducted researches on startup valuation have revealed difficulties and complexities in determining entrepreneurial projects value, especially in early stages of their development. It is due to the existing challenges and high degree of uncertainty about their future. Using real options analysis in this research, a new approach for determining startup companies’ value, considering uncertainties in the first round of financing and flexibility available to venture capitalists in making their investment decision was presented. Due to lack of analytical solution for the developed approach, the numerical method of Monte Carlo least squares simulation (Longstaff-Schwartz) was used to solve it, where percentage of ownership of the entrepreneur and venture capitalist was determined based on the results of the simulation. In addition, by comparing the results of the proposed approach with results of the net present value method, as it was emphasized in the literature, it was concluded that traditional methods do not have the required credit for valuing in early stage companies. Finally, there were suggestions for developing the approach under competitive interactions or developing it for other stages of investment.
Ahmad Morshedi; Navid Nezafati; Tayyebe Amirkhani; Yousef Zolfiaghdam
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 29-48
Abstract
Knowledge sharing is one of the essential processes for implementing knowledge management and it would be accruing when helping others or learning for new capabilities. Nowadays, using organizational knowledge and sharing knowledge among knowledge-oriented organizations, employees has been considered ...
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Knowledge sharing is one of the essential processes for implementing knowledge management and it would be accruing when helping others or learning for new capabilities. Nowadays, using organizational knowledge and sharing knowledge among knowledge-oriented organizations, employees has been considered to be a competitive advantage and along maintaining them. In order to achieve better situations and status, organizations and institutions follow some models and solutions to identify and simulate knowledge sharing motivational policies. Therefore this study was defined and presented to examine knowledge sharing motivational factors in organization. So, we aimed to examine knowledge sharing motivational factors using system dynamics method. At the beginning, we identified knowledge sharing motivational and non-motivational factors based on literature review and interviewing experts. Then, dynamic model was drawn based on dynamic systems methodology. After validating and verifying the model, research questions were answered in conclusion chapter.
mahnaz ebrahimi sadrabadi; Mir Mahdi Seyedesfahani; ali mohammad kimiagari
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 49-74
Abstract
Planning companies’ profits through customer satisfaction management has 4 main steps of recognizing constitutive components of customer satisfaction, integration of components and measuring overall customer satisfaction, reviewing how overall customer satisfaction impacts level of performance ...
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Planning companies’ profits through customer satisfaction management has 4 main steps of recognizing constitutive components of customer satisfaction, integration of components and measuring overall customer satisfaction, reviewing how overall customer satisfaction impacts level of performance and activity, and finally identifying main parameters capable of maneuver on customer satisfaction. These factors compiles planning of company's profits. Method used for modeling were econometric approach and mathematical equations. Case of this research is Pars Khodro’s Logan. The researcher, along with ISQI's research team, identified current needs of customers from after sales services. Impact of each variable on overall customers’ satisfaction according to income groups is measured. Then, using econometric models, the variables affecting the company's profit are obtained which according to results, overall customer satisfaction has the highest impact on company's profits. Therefore, using mathematical equations, the effect of the overall customer satisfaction sub-variables on the company's profit has been obtained. Eviews software is used for data analysis.
Seyed Soheil Fazeli; jahanyar bamdad soofi; Majid Safari nia; Amir Mazyaki; omid arjmand
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 75-103
Abstract
Since about 100 years, social loafing has been studied as one of the most important factors lowering working group efficiency in organizations. Considering many employees activities are related to each other and has done in group context now days, in this research we are going to identify factors affecting ...
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Since about 100 years, social loafing has been studied as one of the most important factors lowering working group efficiency in organizations. Considering many employees activities are related to each other and has done in group context now days, in this research we are going to identify factors affecting social loafing in private sector employees. Our case was FANAP employees in Telecom project. This research approach is qualitative and uses analytical methods, and from data collection aspect it is survey and applied from conclusions aspect.
At the framework of this survey, cognitive mapping method is used to map individual perceptions about causes of social loafing. Analyzing methods of cognitive maps is used for complexity indexes, Domain analyses, central analyses, consequence analyses and analyses of consensus cognitive maps. Finally conclusions are grouped in four levels as personal factors, group factors, organization factors and job factors that affecting social loafing. Factors such as extrinsic motivation, job dissatisfaction, intrinsic motivation, perception lack of group cohesion were agreed more than other factors in perception of the participants of this research.
Seyed Reza Jalali; Ali Kazemi; Azarnoosh Ansari
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 104-132
Abstract
In this study, based on theoretical and quantitative researches, a conceptual model was presented for explaining different dimensions of research variables, such as designing brand performance model for banking service market of Iran based on customer – based brand equity. First, after reviewing ...
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In this study, based on theoretical and quantitative researches, a conceptual model was presented for explaining different dimensions of research variables, such as designing brand performance model for banking service market of Iran based on customer – based brand equity. First, after reviewing the literature, the original model was designed and then the initial conceptual model was completed and approved by the Delphi method and experts' opinion. Sampling was carried out based on the method of judging and snowball. The sample size was 30 executives, deputies and experts of the banking sector. Using the final version of the questionnaire which has the necessary and proper reliability and validity, by using stratified random cluster sampling. During one week at different hours, 399 individuals were surveyed from the customers of the eight branded public banks randomly by face-to-face interview. Following the identification of the constituent structures of each of the variables, also relations between them were examined. The results of the research showed that brand equity does not directly affect market performance from the customer’s perspective, but it is effective indirectly through the customer relationship equity. Also, among the structures constituting the brand equity and the customer relationship equity, all aspects except the brand differentiation and brand awareness, affect the characteristics of the customer relationship equity. Also, results showed that all the constituents of the customer relationship equity have a direct and significant effect on brand performance.
Seyed Hossein Hosseini; Hamed Shakouri G.; Aliyeh Kazemi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 133-158
Abstract
An examination of international political economy history shows that discovery of huge oil reservoirs has been playing an important role in defining and supporting the countries national interest. Undoubtedly, oil reserves in Iran are considered as intergenerational resources and maintaining intergenerational ...
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An examination of international political economy history shows that discovery of huge oil reservoirs has been playing an important role in defining and supporting the countries national interest. Undoubtedly, oil reserves in Iran are considered as intergenerational resources and maintaining intergenerational justice as well as enhancing national interest in the long run. These are indisputable commitments which are the main goals and missions of Iran governors. In this research, focusing on the economic aspect of the national interest and by using systems dynamic methodology, dynamics changes of Iran’s national interest are modelled considering developments in the oil industry and market. The structure of production capacity formation, amount of production and revenues of domestic and international sale of oil and oil products are investigated and modeled and variables related to economic national interest are formulated. Simulation results described in five scenarios as follows: growth in the oil market, current status, downturn in the oil market, OPEC market share target, and OPEC revenue target. According to results, increase in domestic prices of energy carriers to international prices and the increase of the budget share for investment in more value added areas in the oil industry are recommended to increase national economic benefits.
Arezoo sohrabi; Kazem Hasanzadeh; Zeinab Molavi
Volume 22, Issue 3 , December 2018, Pages 159-179
Abstract
Destructive organizational behaviors are emerging in various forms. Organizational bullying, with negative effects on work environments, directly and negatively affects people's health and imposes a high cost on the organization and results in a reduction in productivity. Therefore, the main objective ...
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Destructive organizational behaviors are emerging in various forms. Organizational bullying, with negative effects on work environments, directly and negatively affects people's health and imposes a high cost on the organization and results in a reduction in productivity. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to investigate the role of organizational bullying in occupational psychological characteristics (job engagement, job stress and job insecurity). This research is applied and descriptive - correlation method was used. The statistical population of queue staff was divided into five service organizations with 800 individual. The sample was determined according to the Morgan table and stage sampling method of 261. Data collected by questionnaire which its validity and reliability were confirmed and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.849. Results of tentative analysis and data analysis by structural equation modeling showed that organizational bullying has a positive effect on job stress and job insecurity in employees. Also, the results showed that organizational bullying reduced job engagement among employees
