سقف شیشه‌ای زنان؛ پنداشت ها و کندوکاوها با کاربست روش کیو

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت منابع انسانی دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی و و مدیر منابع انسانی گروه پتروپارس، تهران، ایران

3 مربی، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در دنیای سازمانی، زنان از فرصت‌های بیشتری برای حضور و رقابت با مردان برخوردار شده‌اند. با وجود افزایش مشارکت زنان در سازمان­ها، پیشرفت و ورود زنان به مقام­های عالی با موانعی روبروست که تحت عنوان سقف شیشه­ای شناخته می­شود. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی موانع پیش­روی ارتقای زنان با استفاده از روش کیفی کیو در شرکت ملی نفت ایران انجام گرفت. بدین ترتیب که گزاره­های کیو از طریق 19 مطالعه انتخاب شده بر اساس پروتکل پژوهش و منابع رسانه­ای مانند نشریات، روزنامه­ها، برنامه­های تلویزیونی و گفتگو با افراد خبره و نخبگان اکتشاف گردید. در ادامه پرسشنامه­ای متشکل از 39 کارت و یک پاسخنامه (نمودار کیو) در اختیار 43 نفر از خبرگان قرار گرفت که نظر خود را برمبنای یک طیف کاملاً موافقم (4+) تا کاملاً مخالفم (4-) مشخص نمایند. داده­های جمع­اوری شده از طریق تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نوع کیو با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که هفت پنداشت و گروه ذهنی در خصوص موانع پیش روی زنان در دست‌یابی به سمت‌های مدیریتی وجود دارد. در این الگوهای ذهنی، گزاره­های «مهارت کم­تر زنان در بازی­های سیاسی»، «توانایی کم زنان در تحمل فشارهای روانی مشاغل مدیریتی»، «اولویت خانواده نسبت به کار برای زنان»، «وابستگی زنان از نظر جغرافیایی و محل زندگی به مردان» و «نیازمند بودن زنان به برنامه کاری منعطف» با امتیاز عاملی بیشتر از مهم­ترین موانع ارتقای شغلی زنان بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Women's glass ceiling; Concepts and explorations using Q method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem zarei 1
  • Tavakol Sharafi 2
  • Allahyar beigi firoozi 3
چکیده [English]

In the organizational world, women have more opportunities to participate and compete with men. Despite the increasing participation of women in organizations, the advancement and entry of women into high positions faces obstacles known as the glass ceiling. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying barriers to the promotion of women using the qualitative Q method in the National Iranian Oil Company. Q statement were explored through 19 selected studies based on research protocols and media sources such as publications, newspapers, television programs, and conversations with experts and elites. Then, a questionnaire consisting of 39 cards and an answer sheet (Q diagram) was given to 43 experts who expressed their opinion based on a range of strongly agree (+4) to strongly disagree (4-). The collected data were analyzed by Q-type explorative factor analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that there are seven perceptions and mental groups about the obstacles faced by women in achieving managerial positions. In these mental models, the statements “less skill of women in political games”, “less ability of women to bear the psychological pressures of managerial jobs”, “family priority over work for women”, “Womenchr('39')s dependence on men in terms of geography and place of residence” “need a flexible work plan” were among the most important barriers to womenchr('39')s career advancement.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Women's Promotion
  • glass ceiling
  • National Iranian Oil Company
  • Q Method

مراجع

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پژوهش های مدیریت در ایران
دوره 25، شماره 2
تیر 1400
صفحه 184-217

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