Abstract This paper attempts to use VSM as a design and diagnosing tools in the banking systems that are at the risk of losing their business because of dynamic changes in their business. Rapid changes in today complex environment cause organizations at the risk of bankruptcy. Systematic action research did at one of the major banks in Iran. According to VSM subsystems, the diagnostic results show some failure detected for adaptability in this bank. After diagnosing, the model of the viable banking system proposed